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INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY

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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 23389427 EISSN : 23389486 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy (ISSN-e: 2338-9486, ISSN-p: 2338-9427), formerly Majalah Farmasi Indonesia (ISSN: 0126-1037). The journal had been established in 1972, and online publication was begun in 2008. Since 2012, the journal has been published in English by Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) Yogyakarta Indonesia in collaboration with IAI (Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia or Indonesian Pharmacist Association) and only receives manuscripts in English. Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy is Accredited by Directorate General of Higher Education (DGHE) DIKTI No. 58/DIKTI/Kep/2013.

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Articles 8 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 15 No 3, 2004" : 8 Documents clear

Inhibitory effects of daun sendok (Plantago major L.) on mast cell-mediated anaphylactic reaction Agung Endro Nugroho; Erna Prawita Setyowati; Zullies Ikawati
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 15 No 3, 2004
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Hypersensitisation reaction, which is known as an allergy, is suffered by a lot of people in the modern society. An increase of allergen uptake and the decrease of immune system are considered to be the major factors, which influence the disease. Development of medicinal plants for the allergic reaction is continuing with the extract of Plantago major as an example. This extract could inhibit histamine release from cell culture of Rat Basophilic Leukaemia (RBL-2H3) induced by DNP-BSA in vitro. This study determined the effect of Plantago major L. on systemic anaphylactic reaction induced by compound 48/80 in vivo.The research was conducted using Balb/c mice (2-3 months, 20-30 gram) which were divided into 2 main groups i.e. (1) those which were given with etanol extract on systemic anaphylactic reaction, and (2) those which were given with n-hexane extract on systemic anaphylactic reaction. Each group was divided into five sub-groups based on various dosages of Plantago major extract i.e. 0.1, 1.0, 10.0, 100.0, 1000.0 mg/kg BW. Compound 48/80, a histamine release inductor, was administered at dose of 8 mg/kg BW, an hour after Plantago major administration, and the total of death mice were observed for an hour. Pharmacological parameter, ED50 value, was determined using probit analysis.The result showed that both etanol and n-hexane extracts of Plantago major L could inhibit systemic anaphylactic reaction induced by compound 48/80 with ED50 values of 1.66 and 55.01 mg/kg BW, respectively. It can be concluded that the potency of etanol extract of Plantago major L is higher than its n-hexane extract.Key words: Plantago major L., anaphylactic, histamine and mast cells

The effect of combination of Carbopol 934P and 940P with Metolose 90SH-4000, 90SH-15.000 and 90SH-100.000 to the adhesive strength of mucoadhesive granules on stomach and intestine Teti Indrawati; Goeswin Agoes; Elin Yulinah; Yeyet Cahyati
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 15 No 3, 2004
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Sustein release dosage form with mukoadhesive system in stomach is a drugs delivery system that can increase bioavailability. The study was conducted the effect of polimers combination to mucoadhesive strength. Granules prepared by dry and wet granulation using the combination of Carbopol 934P and Carbopol 940P with Metolose 90SH-4000, Metolose 90SH- 15.000 and Metolose 90SH-100.000. Granules adhesive strength on stomach and intestinal mouse was investigated by mucoadhesive and wash off test. The results indicated that all of the mucoadhesive granules that prepared by wet and dry granulations could completely adhere on stomach and intestine in 5 minutes. Mucoadhesive strength on stomach and intestine of a single polymer was better than that of combinations of polymers. The strongest adhesion on stomach showed by Carbopol 940P and Metolose 90SH-15.000 combination (40 : 20).Key word : Adhesive, mucoadhesive granules.

Antibacterial and antioxidative activity tests on extract of siuri (Koordersiodendron pinnatum (Blanco) Merr.) cortex Praptiwi .; Mindarti Harapini
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 15 No 3, 2004
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

The aim of the study was to determine the in-vitro antibacterial and antioxidative activities of siuri (Koordersiodendron pinnatum) bark extract. Ethanolic, hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts were tested for antibacterial activity against 7 bacteria isolates which were 4 Gram Positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Streptococcus agalactiae, Corynebacterium sp.) and 3 Gram Negative bacteria (Salmonella enteritidis, Eschericia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Extract concentrations used were : 50, 25, 12.5 and 6.75%. The experiments were conducted in triplicate in Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA). Antioxidative test was performed at the concentration of 1, 5 and 10% with aquadest as a negative control and α-tocopherol as positive control. The results showed that the ethyl acetate extract inhibited the growth of 7 bacteria tested, and the growth inhibition area on Gram negative bacteria was wider than that of 10 units of penicillin. Peroxide value of ethanol extract (111.29) was lower than that of α-tocopherol. Increasing extract concentration reduced the absorbance value.Key words : Koordersiodendron pinnatum, antibacteria, antioxidant.

Bioaccumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Panaceus merquensis and Calappa flammea in south sea water Jogjakarta Lukitaningsih, Endang; Sudarmanto, B.S. Ari; Primadesa, Lina
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 15 No 3, 2004
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of organic chemicals, composed of fused benzene rings, occurred in the environment due to incomplete combustion of fossil fuels. Health concerns are focused on the metabolite transformation of PAHs, which is carcinogenic, mutagenic and terratogenic. Due to their hydrophobicity in aquatic environment, PAHs are accumulated to the more lipophilic ecocompartments such as biolipid tissues and sediments, so PAHs can be distributed through food chain system. In this research, five kinds of PAHs (i.e. pyrene, benz(a)anthracene, benz(k)fluoranthene, benz(a)pyrene and perylene) in shrimps (Panaceus merquensis) and crabs (Calappa flammea) collected from the south sea beach water system at Jogjakarta were investigated. PAHs analysis were worked out by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector. It can be shown from this research that PAHs accumulate into each biota.The results showed that bioacumulation factor value of total PAHs in shrimp and crab are 2388.33-23486.54 and 13870.92-96078 respectively. The logarithmic value of bioacumulation factor of total PAHs in shrimp and crab are 3.378-4.371 and 4.142-4.983 respectively. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation, the level of PAHs concentration in water sample is safe.Key words : polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, bioacumulation, shrimp (Panaceus merquensis) and crab (Calappa flammea)

Evaluation of antibiotic usage in patient with fever in a private hospital in Yogyakarta (period January – June 2002) Aris Widayati; L. Endang Budiarti; Imono Argo Donatus
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 15 No 3, 2004
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Fever as a symptom may indicate to any other diseases. According to the standard therapy by IDI (1998) fever should be treated without antibiotic, but the fact showed that 70 % antibiotics were used for treatment. This study aimed at describing about fever and evaluating antibiotic usage in patients with fever as a final diagnose by appropriateness, effectiveness, and safety as a criteria of evaluation.The present study was done with retrospective data collection and descriptive-evaluative design. Data was collected from medical records within a period from 2002 January to June. A number of 157 patients were used for the assesment.The highest percentage of patient’s fever was a group of 17 – 60 years old (63. 28%). The final diagnose was fever (29.58%) and others (70.42%) such as viral infection (17.16%), DHF (8.28%), DF (7.01%) and acute respiratory traction infection (5.92%). There were 29 kinds of antibiotics (79.62%) that given to the patients as an empirical therapy and the highest was pefloxacin (13.14%). The percentage of antibiotic usage in patients with fever as a final diagnose (50 patients) was 86.00% (21 kinds of antibiotics) and the highest was pefloxacin (17.19%). Both of fever less than 5 days ormore than 5 days were treated with antibiotic, which was inappropriate usage because fever less than 5 days related to viral infection. There was only 4.65% had a culture and sensitivity test, which was appropriate antibiotics usage. There were 46.51% no growth of culture and 48.84% without culture, which was inappropriate antibiotics usage. Treatment with and without antibiotics could normalize vital signs each was 90.70% and 85.71% with no significant difference (with non parametric exact probability Fisher analysis, CI 0.05) and RR value (95%, 0.69-1.30). Patient’s recoveries were 88.37% and 85.71% with and without antibiotic therapy with no significant difference (CI 95% and 0.96 RR value with CI 95%; 0.66 – 1.41). There were two cases (4.00%) of contraindication and 12.00% of potential drug interactions. According to the standard therapy and supporting data of this study, so that fever should not always be treated with antibiotic.Key words: antibiotic, fever, evaluation.

Standardization of pegagan extract (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) based on siaticoside content using TLCdensitometricmethod S. Pramono; D. Ajiastuti
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 15 No 3, 2004
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

In assuring people consuming herbal products of high standard and reliable quality, a standardization process was performed on an Indonesian herb namely pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) from Kaliurang, Boyolali, and Tawangmangu regions emphasizing on asiaticoside contents as its active constituent.Process of standardization was initiated by searching the best solvent for extraction. Water, ethanol 30%, 50%, and 70% were used for maceration of the herb. Asiaticoside contents were then determined by TLC-densitometry. The result of research showed that ethanol 70 % could dissolve highest concentration of asiaticoside from pegagan herb so it was then used for larger scale extraction of three different plant materials. TLC-densitometric data showed that asiaticoside contents of pegagan herb originally from Kaliurang were 0.98 ± 0.13.%, Boyolali were 1.34 ± 0.20.%, and Tawangmangu were 0.21 ± 0.3 %.Key words: Centella asiatica (L.) Urban, asiaticoside, TLC-densitometry

Effect of ethanolic extract of sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees) herbs on adult male mice permatogenesis and the thin layer chromatographic qualitative test V.S. Halim; C.J. Soegihardjo; D.M. Rizal
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 15 No 3, 2004
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Ethanolic extract of sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees) herb was often found in traditional medicine. However, the safety of the extract on man, especially related to the fertility was needed to investigate.For reaching the aim, the extract was administered to adult male DDI mice at three dose levels 11,25mg; 22,5mg, and 45mg/30g BW for 48 days. Effects on fertility were analyzed by histopathological evaluation of the tubulus seminiferous and the results were compared to Cisplatin as positive control for cytotoxic action, as well as to the negative control group. The results showed the damage of spermatogenesis in tubulus seminiferous, degradation and spreading of spermatogenic cells (spermatogonium, primary spermatocytes, secondary spermatocytes, spermatid, spermatozoa), also the damage of Sertoli cell, lyses of lamina basalis and interstitial layer, and Leydig cells appeared intact. The damages showed that ethanolic extract of the herbs could affect spermatogenesis by cytotoxic and antimitotic activities. The damage of tubulus seminiferous at high dose may be irreversible.Thin layer chromatography result showed at least four spot of terpenoid compounds may be andrographolides. The ethanolic extract was more potential than isolate of andrographolide on destroying spermatogenesis tissues.Key words: sambiloto herbs, Andrographis paniculata, andrographolides, spermatogenesis, tubulus seminiferous.

The influence of Pasak Bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack.) root infusa to male white mouse libido Diana Itjin; Luciana Kuswibawati
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 15 No 3, 2004
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Pasak Bumi ( Eurycoma Longifolia Jack.) is one of forest plant which have been used as aphrodisiac for many generation by the people in hinterland Kalimantan. The study was aimed to gain information of influence of pasak bumi root infusa to male white mouse libido.The research was pure experimental applying completely randomized design. Sixteen male white mice was divided into 2 groups which first group (negative control) was treated with aquadest by oral and the second group treated with pasak bumi roots infusa which its dosage 100 mg / 100 g body weight of male white mice by oral once a day for 21 days..Data of introduction, climbing, and coitus analysed with one way ANOVA and General Linear Measure model with 95% confidence level. The result indicated that usage period of pasak bumi root infusa (Eurycoma Longifolia Jack.) improving male white mice Iibido, which was showed by the increament amount of introduction and climbing of male white mice to female white mice.Key words: Eurycoma longifolia roots, libido, introduction, climbing, coitus

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Kab. sleman,

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